58 results
diagnosis differential causes algorithm management hypokalemia alkalosis hyperkalemia treatment low medications pathophysiology criticalcare kidney table acidosis gitelman high stones chloride
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
Causes of Metabolic ... villous adenomas • Renal ... • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... with short bowel syndrome ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Drugs that Impair Renal ... Potassium Excretion ... Aldosterone Release: ACE ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology ... #Renal
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... R - Cushing's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #high #nephrology
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