21 results
diagnosis differential causes algorithm hypokalemia low management neurology treatment hyperkalemia hypophosphatemia rhabdomyolysis urine workup aids alkalosis associated cerebritis chloride classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Transcellular shifts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... mmol creatinine) High ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Transcellular Shift ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High ... aldosteronism • High ... Al, High R - Secondary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #high #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Transcellular Shift ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... • Normal or High ... Low PTH: - High ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion: • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Transcellular Shift ... : Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... Inappropriately High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #high #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... urinary losses: • High ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
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