16 results
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
mm is needed to cause ... hypertension (e.g ... , such as: - Acute ... kidney injury ( ... - Pulmonary edema
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... diuretics) With edema ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... diuretics) With edema ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... • A lack of acute ... level <100 pg/ml EKG ... Etiology: • Acute ... lung injury (TRALI
Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist 
Evaluation 
 - EKG & echocardiography
Shock - Management Checklist ... Evaluation - EKG ... edema - Large ... hypertension Rx ... edema in hypotensive
Causes of Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure
 • Volume Expansion: Kidney failure, Pregnancy, Medication
Causes of Peripheral ... Edema - Differential ... prednisone, NSAIDs), Acute ... Heart failure, Pulmonary ... hypertension, Cirrhosis
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
brain injury, cerebral ... nervous system injury ... of acute respiratory ... pulmonary edema ... #edema #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
An acute rise or ... heart failure, neurologic ... disturbance, or acute ... kidney injury). ... Neurologic disorders
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... pulmonary edema ... Kidney stones caused ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
respiratory drive due to neurologic ... injury or sedatives ... lung diseases, pulmonary ... edema (most common ... , pulmonary AVMs