28 results
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... empagliflozin LOOP ... DIURETICS • Furosemide ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... Pharmacology #summary #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI Uptake - Poor ... and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Differential Diagnosis Poor ... Urinary Losses - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... , Loop diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... Hypernatremia #Classification ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... diuretics, Thiazide ... diuretics, Mg2+ ... #differential #algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... • poor oral intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #Classification
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... predictive of poor ... can be high or low ... Hypervolemia with poor ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vomiting) • Low ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: • High Al, Low ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #potassium