44 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... retraction (Collier's sign ... "setting sun" sign ... • Dorsal midbrain ... #neurology #diagnosis
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
>10 mmHg - clinically ... HTN Signs of portal ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... obstruction) • Lack of signs ... • Budd Chiari syndrome
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... consumption • Low/Normal ... #nephrology #low
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
sliding/barcode sign ... Consolidations - "Shred" sign ... bilateral B-lines - Normal ... unilateral B-lines - Normal ... differential #diagnosis #signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Low-normal EABV ... Distal RTA Low-normal ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Abnormal Glabellar Reflex (Glabellar tap sign/Myerson's sign)

A primitive reflex >> normal in infants, disappear with brain
(Glabellar tap sign ... /Myerson's sign) ... primitive reflex >> normal ... #Reflex #tap #sign ... #physicalexam #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect Normal ... salicylate poisoning Normal ... In a normal gap ... #nephrology #differential