31 results
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS ... of symptoms or signs ... #AIDS #diagnosis ... #differential # ... signs #symptoms
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... • Most common cause ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... Blood cultures • CXR ... early disease) • CXR
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
In these cases, ... a patient with signs ... there is a high position ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
in HIV - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • CT: Halo sign ... factor • May cause ... #AIDS #pulmonary
Bilateral B-Lines in case of Pneumonia on Lung POCUS

Young healthy pt with fever/dyspnea. POCUS lung exam
Bilateral B-Lines in case ... Differential Bilat ... partially seen shred sign ... NOT definitively diagnose ... #POCUS #clinical
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... heart failure, positive ... fluid balance, and CXR ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Clinical Features ... effusion, Restrictive lung ... haemolytic Coombs positive ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... Demyelinating disease caused ... and <25% culture positive ... #diagnosis #AIDS
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Herpesviruses (MCC: HSV ... • Common clinical ... Acute meningeal signs ... • Gram stain: Positive ... 90% • Culture: Positive