21 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... Ketoacidosis - diabetic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
Differential Diagnosis Chronic ... degeneration - Retina ... : Diabetic retinopathy ... Cerebri, PRES, Metabolic ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute vs Chronic ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... tubular acidosis/Chronic ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Hyperthyroidism • Diabetes ... Insufficiency Metabolic ... • Renal Failure ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... losses, Diuretic ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... : • Acute or chronic ... #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... • Drugs • Chronic ... Proteinuria) • Diabetes ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... failure (acute and chronic ... Chronic progressive ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
acidosis • Chronic ... acidosis • Diabetic ... D-lactic acidosis • Chronic ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Prolonged Emergence - Anesthesiology

Prolonged Drug Action:
• Overdose 
• Hypothermia (< 33 C) 
• Incr
Causes of Prolonged ... interaction Metabolic ... hepatic — renal ... hyperglycemia • HONK / diabetic ... • Alcohol Neurologic
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
• Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Partial Dl • Chronic ... Renal Failure ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology