6503 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Signs ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hematuria: 3 or more RBC ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC ... - Dysmorphic RBC
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
DIAGNOSTICS
Paracentesis: 
 • Calculate absolute PMN count (total WBC x PMN %)
 • Correct
Bacterial Peritonitis DIAGNOSTICS ... PMN count for RBCs ... 1 PMN per 250 RBCs ... Treat if other signs ... Peritonitis #SBP #diagnosis
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
- Differential Diagnosis ... Polychromatic Macrocytes, RBC ... Spherocytes, RBC ... ) - Abnormal RBCs ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Urine Microscopy and Casts - Image Atlas Key

- Squamous Epithelial Casts
- Transitional Epithelial Cells
- Renal Tubular
Hyaline Cast - WBCs ... - Monomorphic RBCs ... - Dysmorphic RBCs ... - WBC Cast - RBC
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Serum PO4 -> decr RBC ... Refeeding #Syndrome #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #symptoms #signs
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Urinalysis >3 RBCs ... (proteinuria, RBC ... casts, dysmorphic RBCs ... uw_IMresidency #Hematuria #Diagnosis
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
- Differential Diagnosis ... / Normochromic RBCs ... TIBC, Hypochromic RBCs ... Decreased RBC ... #Differential #Diagnosis
The differential diagnosis for an elevated MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) includes:

Conditions with Abnormal RBCs:
 •
The differential diagnosis ... with Abnormal RBCs ... : • Abnormal RBC ... Xerocytosis • RBC ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
glomerular hematuria (RBC ... or dysmorphic RBCs ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Diagnosis