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Table of Causes of Acute Liver Injury
#Diagnosis #Hepatology #Acute #Liver #Injury #Causes #Differential #Incidence #Table #Failure
of Acute Liver Injury ... #Diagnosis #Hepatology ... #Acute #Liver #Injury ... #Causes #Differential ... Incidence #Table #Failure
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal Failure ... Hypervolemic - Heart failure ... , liver failure,
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
months without treatment ... Lung Failure ... Drug-Induced Liver Injury ... #Cirrhosis #Hepatology ... gastroenterology #management #diagnosis
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
of Seizures - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Traumatic brain injury ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Uremia, Liver failure
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis by Mechanism ... depletion - Heart failure ... Advanced renal failure ... #Differential #
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Hypovolemia, Heart failure ... @NephroMD #hyponatremia ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... chronic renal failure ... Cirrhosis, Cardiac failure
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Insufficiency, Liver Failure ... Medications, Spinal Cord Injury ... #Diagnosis #criticalcare
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Diagnosis Chronic ... Congestive heart failure ... Fulminant Hepatic Failure ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Hepatocellular Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
Liver Injury → liver test abnormalities without evidence of liver
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... evidence of liver failure ... Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis #hepatology