21 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... hematuria and/or proteinuria ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... (Negative urine ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
) and Risk for CKD ... : - Urine total ... defined as nephrotic syndrome ... classification #CKD ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Injury #AKI #Workup
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Urine Specific Gravity ... Dehydration • SIADH (syndrome ... Glycosuria • Proteinuria ... Interpretation #diagnosis ... #differential #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Rhabdomyolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome ... Disease: • AKI, CKD ... #phosphate #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Hyperoxalirua, Heavy Proteinuria ... • Drummond's syndrome ... (blue diaper syndrome ... Bag Syndrome - ... Myoglobinuria, Nutcracker syndrome
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... leukemia Measure Urine ... alkalosis, Hungry bone syndrome ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... FGF-23: Fanconi syndrome
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Diagnosis • ↑ ... (including no proteinuria ... #Hepatorenal #Syndrome ... #nephrology #criteria