45 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Malignancy (e.g ... carcinoma of the lung ... CNS pathology (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Infiltrative disorders (e.g ... - Medications (e.g ... diseases (e.g. ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
by Mechanism Renal ... IV Mg infusion (e.g ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... seen • Chest CT ... Abscess Differential ... • Vasculitis (e.g ... Abscess #pulmonary #differential
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
cardiac syncope, e.g ... syncope (ruling out differential ... orthostatic vital sign ... and an initial ECG ... The treatment strategy
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Short Stature - Differential ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... Celiac, IBD) • Renal ... (e.g. ... endocrinology #causes
Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis
Primary Back Pathology:
 • Musculoligamentous injury (a.k.a. lumbosacral strain)
 • Spondylosis (i.e.
breast, prostate, renal ... spondyloarthritis (e.g ... spondyloarthritis (e.g ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #primarycare #table
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
- Congenital (e.g ... HHT), Acquired (e.g ... Vasodilation Lung ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
can be seen on EKG ... First line treatment ... in refractory cases ... #Pericarditis #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
is desirable, e.g ... obstruction - Able ... identify non-calculus causes ... for non-calculus causes ... stones #calculus #Radiology