116 results
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
Multi-system autoimmune disease ... interstitial lung disease ... • Vascular: Raynaud's ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #testing #workup
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
reticularis • Raynaud ... (Cold-induced symptoms ... Positive Coombs testing ... post infectious setting ... rewarming • Symptoms
Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Finger pulp atrophy
 • Tissue ischemia/infarction -> Digital ulcerations
Raynaud’s Phenomenon ... extremities #Raynauds ... #Phenomenon #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Diagnosis Algorithm Symptoms ... Associated history: Symptoms ... associated autoimmune disease ... eyes and mouth, Raynaud's ... of autoimmune disease
CREST Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

CALCINOSIS (BB-sized, hard nodules in fingers)
RAYNAUD'S Phenomenon
ESOPHAGEAL DYSMOTILITY
SCLERODACTYLY (thickening and tightening
nodules in fingers) RAYNAUD'S ... CREST #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Leukemia) • GI diseases ... liver or kidney disease ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ... cough GERD: Testing ... weeks GERD - Testing ... EGD Impedance testing ... Gastroesophageal #Reflux #Disease
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
paresthetica • Symptoms ... 3-6 months of symptom ... intervertebral disc disease ... mass Sensory Symptoms ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK #pathophysiology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Méniére's disease ... vertigo usually lasting ... episode usually lasting ... course of the disease ... Disease onset usually
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Photosensitivity 29% - Raynaud's ... auto-immune, Infectious diseases ... sclerosis, Still's disease ... autoantibodies #signs #symptoms