235 results
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
pharyngeal erythema, fever ... pharyngeal erythema, fever ... bacterial metabolites induce ... Sudden onset of fever ... pruritic rash, fever
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Hyperkalemia • Reduced ... • Yellow fever ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #cardiology #BRADI
TOPCAT - Spironolactone for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

N Engl J Med 2014; 370:1383-1392 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1313731

CONCLUSIONS:
ejection fraction, treatment ... significantly reduce ... cardiovascular causes ... #HFpEF #dCHF #Cardiology
Etiologies of dilated cardiomyopathy. HF, heart failure; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HIV, human
heart failure with reduced ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Fever vs Hyperthermia
Fever:
 • Regulated in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center
 • "Set point" raised by prostaglandin
Fever vs Hyperthermia ... Fever: • Regulated ... production • Treatment ... rapidly fatal • Causes ... BrighamChiefs #Fever
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... analyses showed reduced ... endpoint of all-cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Algorithm for screening/diagnosis and treatment/follow‐up of iron deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure. Hb, haemoglobin;
/diagnosis and treatment ... heart failure with reduced ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Indications #Treatment
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Management Principles

General Therapeutic Principles:
Reduce the congestive state 
 - Caution
Therapeutic Principles: Reduce ... Caution to not reduce ... #Management #Cardiology ... dCHF #Diastolic #Treatment
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... Coagulopathy, Steroids • Reduced ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Pregnancy • Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes