322 results
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
open leading to slow ... of phase 4 to slow ... interval (delays time repolarization ... • MOA: Block slow ... prolong AV node repolarization
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Strong Blockade, Slow ... of phase 4 to slow ... prolong AV node repolarization ... interval (delays time repolarization ... prolong AV node repolarization
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification
Class I (Ia, Ib, Ic) - Na+ Channel Blockade
 • Slows depolarization
Classification Class ... Blockade • Slows depolarization ... in slow AP cells ... in slow AP cells ... • Slow sinus rate
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury 

#Diagnosis #Nephrology #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury #Causes #Differential #Workup #Algorithm #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis of Acute ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury ... #Causes #Differential ... #Workup #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Ureterosigmoidoscopy • HTN, Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 • Current water Deficit
 • Ongoing Free water Losses
 •
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm ... Acute vs Chronic ... Calculate Losses ... Hypernatremia #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #nephrology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Low Serum Mg ... , Low sunlight ... Acute pancreatitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... or other losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... : • GI losses ... vomiting) • Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Low Magnesium ... Hyperphosphatemia, Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #calcium