41 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... Tubular Defects ... Localization #Nephron #Defects ... #Pathophysiology
Major Physiological Effects of Angiotensin II

Altered Peripheral Resistance
I. Direct vasoconstriction
II. Enhancement of peripheral noradrenergic
neurotransmission:
  A.
medulla Altered Renal ... Direct effect to ... Direct renal vasoconstriction ... Increased renal ... AngiotensinII #Pathophysiology
Renal Effect of NSAIDs Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis

 - Renal disease, Cardiovascular disease -> Decreased renal
Renal Effect of ... Synthesis - Renal ... disease -> Decreased renal ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

General 
 - Malaise 
 - Clubbing 

Cardiac 
 - Murmurs
Mycotic aneurysm Renal ... Endocarditis #Symptoms #Signs ... #Features #PhysicalExam
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
into the left renal ... - Nutcracker Effect ... : The left renal ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
replication causes direct ... Hypertension - Renal ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
Afferent Pupillary Defect ... afferent pupillary defect ... It is a clear sign ... Afferent #Pupillary #Defect ... Pupils #MacrusGunn #PhysicalExam
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
chromosome 21) Signs ... Complications: • Deficit ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... geriatrics #diagnosis #signs
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
-> Hill Sachs Defect ... Dislocation #Diagnosis #signs ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... HYPOTENSION -> renal ... renal ischemia ... Cast formation: Renal ... Direct myoglobin