59 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Anemia Warm Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... • Treatment: Warm ... #diagnosis #comparison
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... syndrome (ST-HUS ... anemia" • HELLP ... syndrome • Catastrophic ... #differential #diagnosis
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... AIHA • Anemia ... #Anemia #diagnosis ... #management #treatment
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... anemia): ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... uremic syndrome ... #hematology #anemia
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
- Differential Diagnosis ... -100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... B12 deficiency, Orotic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... anaemia, ataxia ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Myelodysplastic syndrome ... spherocytosis, Hemolytic ... Schistocytes - Hemolytic ... uremic syndrome ... Morphology #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
- Differential Diagnosis ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Nutritional
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... /jejunal nutrition ... Haematological: Anaemia ... Copper #Deficiency #diagnosis
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
) Deficiency - Diagnosis ... and Management Diagnosis ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... Encephalopathy • A prompt treatment ... development of Korsakoff syndrome