26 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Haematological: Anaemia ... Copper #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #symptoms #nutrition
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Diagnosis Congenital ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Nutritional
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... associated with any symptoms ... #diagnosis #Laboratory
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... of anemia include ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
- Little or no nutritional ... -DPG -> - hemolysis ... - anemia ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
overload) Other Symptoms ... • Seizures • Hemolysis ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Suspected Celiac Disease - Diagnosis Algorithm

Celiac disease suspected:
 • Signs and symptoms of celiac disease
 •
suspected: • Signs ... and symptoms of ... Iron-deficiency anemia ... unresponsive to treatment ... microscopic colitis Differential
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... anemia 4% - Myositis ... autoantibodies #signs ... #symptoms #mimickers ... #differential #
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Demyelinating syndromes ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... normochromic nomocytic or haemolytic ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis