21 results
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... K = Hyperkalemic ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... #Acidosis #Differential ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Proximal and distal RTA ... #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis ... (NAGMA) - Differential ... Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Calcineurin inhibitors IV ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
acidosis (type 1 ... tubular acidosis ... herpes virus or HIV ... /AIDS, diuretics ... #stones #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... - RTA - Diarrhea ... Renal artery stenosis ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
be treated with IV ... suggests extra-renal ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... - Differential ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Distal RTA is the true Nephrogenic RTA and can be truly divided into
Distal Renal Tubular ... Acidosis Distal ... hypokalemic and the hyperkalemic ... (classic Type IV ... #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... - Metabolic acidosis ... RTARenal hypoperfusion ... potassium #high #nephrology