19 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Méniére's disease ... Vascular disorders ... course of the disease ... Disease onset usually ... signs or symptoms
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
Lyme Disease: Early ... • Heralded by neurologic ... impairment - Normal ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
Bipolar Disorder ... variability in disease ... Definite periods of normal ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
Romana's sign ... Indeterminate form (No signs ... /symptoms, positive ... serology, smear ... Cardiomyopathy: Conduction disorders
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
mainly AQP4-lgG disease ... mainly MOG-lgG disease ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... and signs below ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease ... cord #spinalcord #disorders ... #diagnosis #neurology
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
Sickle-cell disease ... recessive blood disorder ... that adopt an abnormal ... Crisis #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Manifestations: • Oral ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... diagnosis #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... without headache • Disorder ... Ocular inflammatory disorder ... ophthalmology #Neurology