11 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Central diabetes insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
believed that urine sodium ... fractional excretion of sodium ... FENa) could help differentiate ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology ... #CriticalCare
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Density of water SG ... hydration • Diabetes insipidus ... to ADH) • ATN SG ... Interpretation #diagnosis #differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Differential ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... ARUPLabs #Diabetes #Insipidus ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - Differential ... The differential ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes Insipidus ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... toxic alcohols, Sodium ... • Presents as AG ... Lactic #Acidosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #criticalcare