20 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... diabetes insipidus ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes ... Insipidus Workup ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... Insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Density of water SG ... Excessive hydration • Diabetes ... insipidus (deficiency ... Interpretation #diagnosis #differential ... #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Water Central Diabetes ... Insipidus (Decr ... Insipidus (Incr
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Insipidus Hypodipsia ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Insipidus Central ... insipidus: - ... #Diabetes #Insipidus ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... insipidus (central ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
of Polyuria - Differential ... (Uncontrolled Diabetes ... Insipidus - DDAVP ... Insipidus #Polyuria ... #Nephrology #Differential
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... #Insipidus #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential