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Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
Acute-on-Chronic ... months without treatment ... Kidney Failure Coagulation ... #Hepatology #gastroenterology ... #management #diagnosis
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
> 1.1 g/dL) 1. ... disease - Cirrhosis ... fibrosis - Acute ... Ascites #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #hepatology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
malignancy (Especially acute ... protein C and S Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #causes ... #treatment #management ... #hematology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
• Albumin • Coagulation ... • Cirrhosis: > ... 1Acute muscle ... liver #chemistry #diagnosis ... #differential #Hepatology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Triggers: ATRA treatment ... Pathophysiology ... symptoms, or> 1 ... Renal Failure Treatment ... #management #hematology
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
on ABx) → Acute ... Perforation) Pathophysiology ... Epidemiology: • #1 ... • Flex-Sig: If ... 10 mg/kg IV x 1
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
presents with acute ... to 12 weeks for acute ... clinical forms: 1) ... , neutropenia, cirrhosis ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
liver disease: cirrhosis ... hepatitis, or acute ... Pathophysiology: ... Treatment Overview ... Hepatorenal #Syndrome #Hepatology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
a triad of: 1) ... abnormalities PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... • Stigmata of cirrhosis ... the left heart TREATMENT ... #diagnosis #hepatology