3544 results
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... adrenal glands • Salt ... infants with "salt ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... Intake: • Low salt ... intoxication Cause ... ⁻ increase may cause ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Bland urine (no casts ... Exclude other AKI causes ... - Salt and
Comparison of Causes of Salt-Wasting in Infancy
 - PHA 1
 - PHA 3
 - 21-OH CAH
Comparison of Causes ... of Salt-Wasting ... Hypoaldosteronism #Salt ... Infancy #Comparison #Causes
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... corticoid deficiency, Salt-losing ... diuresis, Cerebral salt ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Treat underlying cause ... : • Causes can ... maintain long-term Salt ... and frequency of salt ... administered • Can cause
Jaundice - Pathophysiology and Causes

- Amy Chung, MD, MSc @AmyChung 

#Jaundice #Pathophysiology #Differential #Unconjugated #Causes #Diagnosis
Jaundice - Pathophysiology ... and Causes - ... #Jaundice #Pathophysiology ... #Unconjugated #Causes
Causes and Pathophysiology of Hypertension

#Causes #Pathophysiology #Hypertension #Primary #Essential #Secondary #Differential

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Guyton and
Causes and Pathophysiology ... Hypertension #Causes ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... insipidus Excessive salt ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes