18 results
Depostion of
glycosamineglycans
(mucin)
Filtration of albumin
Nat retention +
<
Edema
Effusion, hoarse voice, puffed-up face
Impaired cerebral development
Myxedema
Neuromuscular excitability
Sensory disturbances
Hyporeflexia
Lack of drive
Depression
Clouded
consciousness VitaminA Sebaceous ... Glycogenolysis #Gluconeogenesis
Sebaceous hyperplasia 
 - Yellow papule 
 - Donut-shape 
 - Central umbilication 
 - Telangiectasia
Sebaceous hyperplasia ... cyclosporine #Sebaceous
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
and stimulate gluconeogenesis
Oral Hypoglycemics in Diabetes Management
1  INSULIN SENSITIZER
 • TZD 
     -
- Inhibit gluconeogenesis
Insulin and Glucagon Pathophysiology
Insulin: 
 • Glucose utilization (Glycolysis)
 • Glucose storage (Glycogenesis)
 • Fat synthesis
Glucose synthesis (Gluconeogenesis
Lactic Acidosis - Overview and Pathophysiology
Lactic acid is an endogenous substrate for gluconeogenesis, that is constantly
substrate for gluconeogenesis
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
• Suppresses gluconeogenesis
Facial Swelling - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Facial Edema

Infectious:
	• Dental abscess
	• Ludwig's angina
	• Vincent's angina
	• Cellulitis
	•
SVC syndrome • Sebaceous
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
liver along with Gluconeogenesis ... a cofactor for Gluconeogenesis
Commonly Observed Laboratory Findings in Hepatic / Liver Failure
 - Elevated conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin -
Hypoglycemia - Impaired gluconeogenesis