66 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Unilateral Fixed Dilated Pupil - Differential Diagnosis Framework
If Altered Mental Status - Consider Oculomotor (3rd cranial
Unilateral Fixed Dilated ... Pupil - Differential ... no neurological cause ... #Pupil #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–related ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Pupils: Localization in Coma
 • Small, Reactive pupils: Metabolic coma.
 • Unilateral Fixed, dilated pupil :
Unilateral Fixed, dilated ... • Horner's syndrome ... Localization #Coma #Neurology ... #differential #
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Regular and mildly dilated ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... Young females Differential ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
BEE Syndromes - ... Inflammatory causes ... : • Susac syndrome ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Peripheral and Central Causes ... Vertigo Peripheral Causes ... Wallenberg syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... , HIV serology, ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Short Stature - Differential ... Normal Variant, Delayed ... #ShortStature #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics