37 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... in pernicious anemia ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... - Sickle cell anemia ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Left #Right #Shift ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Redistribution/ Shift ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome ... Transcellular Shift ... Hyperphosphatemia #Differential ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... : Refeeding Syndrome ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Left Shift: • ... Metamyelocyte (Left Shift ... Neutrophil (Normal) Differential ... #differential # ... CBC #hematology #pathophysiology
Causes of Depressed / Lethargic Newborn - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Maternal Related:
 • Drugs (Ex. SSRI)
 •
Lethargic Newborn - Differential ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... Sepsis Other: • Anemia ... Lethargic #Newborn #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... Risk of Refeeding Syndrome ... Metabolic Acidosis • Shift ... hemolysis - anemia ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology