22 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
loop of Henle Gitelman ... Syndrome: Distal ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Transcellular shifts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
heparin Acute Phosphate ... intake, Phosphate ... Rhabdomyolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome ... Transcellular Shift ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... Gitelman Syndrome ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Malabsorption, Phosphate ... Redistribution/ Shift ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #phosphate
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... , Gitelman syndrome ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diarrhea, Antacids, Phosphate ... Transcellular Shift ... : Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Transcellular Shift ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Fractional Excretion of Phosphate ... Transcellular Shift ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... Framework #Workup #phosphate ... #nephrology