13 results
Orthopedic Fracture Classification - Pelvic and Lower Limbs
Letournel Classification Acetabular Fractures:
 • Simple Types: Anterior column,
Undisplaced 2 parts ... - Displaced 2 parts ... - Displaced 3 parts ... - Displaced 3 parts ... of Femoral Shaft
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
Classification of ... Clinical Features and Complications ... #Classification ... MSK #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... K-ATPase which imports ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Webber Ankle Injury Classification

A: In a Supination-Adduction injury the fibula breaks first, with a fracture below
Webber Ankle Injury Classification ... In more severe cases ... the talus can shift ... These injuries are caused ... #Classification
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Incr Skeletal fractures ... • Short stature ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology
Hip fracture 
75% happen to older women
Leading cause of morbidity (30%–50% lose functional independence) & mortality
Hip fracture 75% ... women Leading cause ... develop a postop complication ... infections), pressure sores ... osteoporesis #hip #fracture
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts ... caused by initiation ... • These shifts ... severe clinical complications ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Paget’s Disease: Complications ... Abnormal Osteoclasts cause ... -> Pathologic fractures ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications