12 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal loss • Medication ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Transcellular shift ... #Causes #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Intracellular Shift ... #Differential #Algorithm ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... pharmacology #potassium #medications
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Algorithm • IV ... bicarbonate if acidosis ... potassium and ECG ... blocks, QRS axis shift
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift ... Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... • Cell Lysis (e.g ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Intracellular Shift ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Medications 2. ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Intracellular Shift ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Medications 2. ... potassium #high #nephrology
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... disturbances, shift ... , changes on ECG ... Figure 3 is an algorithm ... #Management #Medications
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... Redistribution: Acidosis ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... STOP offending medications ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology