8 results
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Etiology • Hypothermia ... Normal variant • Hypercalcemia ... Neurological insult • Medications ... with degree of hypothermia ... #ECG #Hypothermia
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renal loss • Medication ... Transcellular shift ... • Insulin • Hypothermia ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia
Osborn waves - positive deflections at the J point (negative in aVR and V1) with a
characteristically seen in hypothermia ... people with high hypercalcemia ... brain injury, medications ... #CriticalCare #hypothermia ... Electrocardiogram #ECG
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... pharmacology #potassium #medications
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... disturbances, shift ... , changes on ECG ... Table 3 summarizes medications ... #Management #Medications
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Etiology: • Medications ... paralysis, post-hypothermia ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... STOP offending medications
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #indications
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis 
 • Cardiac disease: Myocardial ischemia / infarction, Myocarditis, Congenital disorders, Cardiomyopathies,
. hyperkalemia) ... • Medications, ... organophosphates) • Hypothermia ... • Infections (e.g ... • Autoimmune (e.g