108 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... Transcellular shifts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Nephrology #Differential
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC shift ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Therapeutic Indications for the Anticonvulsant Agents

#Anticonvulsant #Antiseizure #Medications #Pharmacology #Table #Neurology #Epilepsy #Management
Therapeutic Indications ... #Antiseizure #Medications ... #Pharmacology # ... Table #Neurology
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
, Hypokalemia, Erectile ... higher risk of hyperkalemia ... failure - Co-medication ... Pgp-dependent drugs (e.g ... antihypertensive #medications
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Normal variant • Hypercalcemia ... Neurological insult • Medications ... Differential #Cardiology #EKG ... #ECG #Hypothermia
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... clinical scenario, ECG ... Gluconate IV Shift ... Consider cause of hyperkalaemia ... recurrence #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... out, causes of hypokalemia ... (transcellular shift ... varunnephro #Hypokalemia ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... transcellular shifts ... The etiology of hyperkalemia ... renal function, medication
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Osmotic diuretics (e.g ... Loop diuretic (e.g ... Thiazides-type diuretics (e.g ... nephron #diuretics #pharmacology ... #nephrology #medications