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ECG Basics - Heart Blocks #Diagnosis #Cardiology #MedStudent #EKG #Basics #HeartBlock #Table #AVBlock #Mobitz #Degree #Wenckebach
ECG Basics - Heart ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #MedStudent ... #EKG #Basics #HeartBlock ... #Table #AVBlock ... #Mobitz #Degree
ECG Basics - Heart Blocks #Diagnosis #Cardiology #MedStudent #EKG #Basics #HeartBlock #Table #AVBlock #Mobitz #Degree #Wenckebach
ECG Basics - Heart ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #MedStudent ... #EKG #Basics #HeartBlock ... #Table #AVBlock ... #Mobitz #Degree
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... pharmacology #potassium #medications
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
disturbances, shift ... , changes on ECG ... algorithm for the management ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... #Management #Medications
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
Hypercalcemia, Hypokalemia ... failure - Co-medication ... Pgp-dependent drugs (e.g ... antihypertensive #medications ... contraindications #table
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Emergency Management ... of Hyperkalemia ... clinical scenario, ECG ... Gluconate IV Shift ... #management #algorithm
Oral anti-hypertensives with relative fast onset of action (Hypertensive Emergency)

The key concern with oral antihypertensive agents
you're up-titrating medications ... (e.g. procedural ... allow one dose of medication ... Hypertensive #Emergency #Management ... #Pharmacology #Table
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... potassium and ECG ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... , asystole #hyperkalemia ... high #diagnosis #management
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
in kidneys) - Medications ... (e.g. lithium, ... hypercalcemia - Chronic hypokalemia ... renal diseases (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
and Management ... Etiology: • Medications ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications