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diagnosis hyperkalemia differential treatment nephrology algorithm causes comparison table medications hematology renal agents binders classification coccidioides coccidioidomycosis criticalcare low neurology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... Benyzlpenicillin, blood ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... • IV Fluids Shift ... peaks 1-2h) • Blood ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia ... #management #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... effective arterial blood ... #urine #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia: • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample! • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... TTKG should be high ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... diet • Blood ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... Intracellular Shift ... Blood transfusion ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #potassium #high ... #diagnosis #management
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... Intracellular Shift ... Blood transfusion ... #high #nephrology
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology 1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... high potassium levels ... #Pathophysiology
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