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diagnosis hyperkalemia differential management nephrology causes algorithm high pharmacology bloodpressure rhabdomyolysis agents antihypertensive arb cardiology chf clinical comparison contraindications druginduced
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... Transcellular shifts ... • Discontinued diuretic ... nephrology #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... function) - Loop diuretic ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... disturbances, shift ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... medications used ... #Management #Medications
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 Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Increased EC shift ... #pharmacology #potassium ... #medications #druginduced
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs Diuretics (thiazides) - Gout - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
Antihypertensive Drugs Diuretics ... (ACEI, ARB, diabetes ... ) ACE inhibitors ... failure - Co-medication ... contraindications #table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... : K+, ACEi/ARBs, ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2.
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2.
ACEI or ARB Initiation Hyperkalemia: - Review concurrent drugs - Moderate potassium Intake - Consider: diuretics, sodium
ACEI or ARB Initiation ... Hyperkalemia: ... drugs - Moderate potassium ... Reassess concomitant medications ... (e.g., diuretics
Intern Pocket Cards - Inpatient Blood Pressure Management Guide ß-blockers: • Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Labetalol • Bradycardia, heart
exacerbation ACEl ... Valsartan • AKI, hyperkalemia ... , heart block Diuretics ... BloodPressure #medications ... #pharmacology #table
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