34 results
diagnosis differential causes potassium hypokalemia treatment alkalosis criticalcare metabolic classification hypernatremia hyponatremia neurology overview pharmacology rhabdomyolysis shock sodium table workup
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... HCO3- • Low Urine ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #nephrology #low
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
addition) of volume status ... sodium low, uric ... sodium high and ... uric acid low in ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
glucose mg/dL]/18 HIGH ... mosm/kg • Solute Diuresis ... Hyperglycemia, High ... nutrition), Azotemia LOW ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... Transcellular shift ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #nephrology #sodium
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