27 results
diagnosis differential causes potassium hypokalemia low treatment hypernatremia hyponatremia medications neurology renal rhabdomyolysis table urine workup acute alkalosis balance chloride
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #nephrology #low
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
- Shift from extracellular ... - Insulin (high ... overdose) - Sodium ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
• IV Fluids Shift ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... function) - Loop diuretic ... #management #potassium ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... potassium #low #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... #hypokalemia ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... #Hypokalemia # ... #nephrology #causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• K sparing diuretics ... Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... - Hyperosmolar states ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
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