31 results
Pocket Comparison Guide to Heritable Hypertension Syndromes (Secondary Hypertension)

Bartter, Gitelman, Liddle, Primary Aldosteronism, 
GRA (Glucocorticoid Remediable
Pocket Comparison ... Syndromes (Secondary ... Bartter, Gitelman ... Gordon (Familial Hyperkalemic ... #Syndromes #Comparison
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Differentiating Gitelman ... syndrome • Urine ... krithicism #Gitelman ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
loop of Henle Gitelman ... Syndrome: Distal ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Transcellular shifts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... @priti899 #Hypokalemia ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... the existence of hypertension ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #hypokalemia ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... tubular acidosis • Gitelman's ... syndrome • Bartter's ... syndrome Extrarenal ... Transcellular shift
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #Hypokalemia # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
• Nephritic syndrome ... Excess: • Conn's syndrome ... Licorice • Liddle's syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology