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diagnosis causes treatment workup algorithm framework hypokalemia phosphate rhabdomyolysis gitelman hyperkalemia hyperphosphatemia hypomagnesemia hypotonic k magnesium pathophysiology phosphorus physiologic sodium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... Losses Non-renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
- Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... Kidney Disease: • AKI ... CKD Increased Renal ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... #Differential # ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion: • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential ... Appropriately Low ... Transcellular Shift ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... Losses (AKI, Post-AKI ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... #differential # ... table #sodium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Hyperkalemia • Hyperphosphatemia ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... depletion, Familial hypophosphatemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, RTA Type IV, AI ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... acidosis) • Low ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... potassium wasting ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
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