31 results
diagnosis differential causes hyperkalemia management hypokalemia high low metabolic phosphate syndrome workup acuteinterstitialnephritis acutetubulointerstitialnephritis aki alkalosis allergicinterstitialnephritis aniongap cancer comparison
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... tubular acidosis ... Transcellular shift ... #Causes #Classification
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... (if preserved renal ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Decreased renal ... • Acute renal ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... • Metabolic acidosis ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Toluene Poisoning - Diagnosis and Management Summary What is it? Volatile hydrocarbon, Glue or paint-sniffing, Occupational
effects (inc psych) Renal ... raised AG acidosis ... normal anion gap acidosis ... , ↓K+ Renal - chronic ... environment • Potassium
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Redistribution/ Shift ... into cells - Acute ... bone syndrome • Renal ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea pH Normal 1. Decreased Mg 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Acidosis - RTA ... Intracellular Shift ... Renal artery stenosis ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
t-PA, heparin Acute ... Transcellular Shift ... : • Lactic acidosis ... CKD Increased Renal ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm ... bicarbonate if acidosis ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #treatment
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