28 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... - incr H+ (acidosis ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Left #Right #Shift ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Transcellular shift ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
bicarbonate if acidosis ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #hyperkalemia #potassium ... #high #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... TTKG should be high ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology