10 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... Vit D • If all ... #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Lithium use • Calcium-sensing ... • Sarcoidosis (elevated ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Syndrome - Calcium ... #endocrinology ... #differential #algorithm
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... , Elevated uric ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Framework and Management ... potassium and calcium ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Management
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
in 1923 Low ALP ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... ALP -> PPi and Calcium ... intracranial pressure - Elevated ... Hyperlipidemia - Hypercalcemia
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... potassium and calcium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Reversible course Differential ... An elevated white ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Incidence: common in APL ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... if WBC > 5 or elevated ... initiation • Differential ... APML #diagnosis #management