12 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... also be seen if urine ... protein indicating acute ... - Some crystals
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Algorithm and Differential ... , urine microscopy ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... cardiac imaging #Acute
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... basement membrane disease ... of glomerular disease ... Hematuria: • Urethritis ... #Hematuria #Differential
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
Symptoms of Joint Disease ... Crystal Deposition ... : • Acute or chronic ... ochronosis and crystal ... approach #workup #differential
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Arthritis

Crystal-induced arthritis: Calcium oxalate, gout, cholesterol, pseudogout, hydroxyapatite crystals

Infectious arthritis: Bacteria, fungi,
Differential Diagnosis ... of Acute Arthritis ... Crystal-induced ... arthritis: Calcium ... #Acute #Arthritis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... at least 50% Renal ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... • Calcium Oxalate ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... used with normal renal ... Acute Kidney Injury
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... - Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... disease — 21% ... Algorithm #Causes #Differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... casts are seen in acute ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Urinary #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
polarized light microscopy ... intracellular urate crystals ... (gout) or calcium ... Screening Tests for Acute ... • Serum and urine