72 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Bradykinetic Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Parkinson's Disease (TRAP):
• Resting Tremor
• Cogwheel Rigidity
• Akinesia/Bradykinesia
•
Causes of Bradykinetic ... Movement Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Cerebellar signs ... #Causes
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Maculopapular - Diagnostic ... Ill-appearing, vital sign ... instability - ... Immunocompromised #Diagnosis ... Targetoid #Algorithm #Differential
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... Complications: • Inability ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Associated Lung Ultrasound ... sliding/barcode sign ... Consolidations - "Shred" sign ... #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Eosinophil Disorders Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Peripheral blood eosinophilia/hypereosinophilia uncovered incidentally during medical evaluation or
evaluation or workup ... 1,500 cells/µL Workup ... organ-specific signs ... Disorders #Algorithm #Differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
and workup ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... (parkinsonian signs ... Dementia - 2nd cause ... MNCD #Dementia #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Diagnosis Baseline ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... #causes #Differential