27 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Nephritic syndrome ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
, including a diuretic ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... Stage 2 hypertension ... Stage 3 hypertension ... #Workup #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Hypertension ... #causes #urinary
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... Torsemide) • Acute ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... the existence of hypertension ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology