32 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... associated with end-stage ... sometimes advanced treatment ... flare ups that cause
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... associated with end-stage ... flare ups that cause ... III and class IV symptoms
Hashitoxicosis

‘Leakage’ symptoms of active Hashimoto’s disease

- Hashitoxicosis (Htx) can occur during the initial hyperthyroid stage in
initial hyperthyroid stage ... thyroiditis that causes ... Initial ‘active’ state ... Hashitoxicosis #Hashimotos #Endocrinology ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
especially in Stage ... With treatment, ... Stage B is defined ... or signs of heart ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
psychosis - CHF ... proptosis), unblinking stare ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... #endocrinology ... #signs #symptoms
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Hypertension Stage ... vascular tortuosity Stage ... -> AV nicking Stage ... Cotton-wool Spots Stage ... #symptoms #complications
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Post-operative state ... decompensation (CHF ... overload) Other Symptoms ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
Oscillation between mood states ... mood - Primary treatment ... maintain this state ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Stage 2 hypertension ... renal bruit or signs ... Stage 3 hypertension ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #Differential #
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... : 33% • Treatment ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... : No • Treatment