32 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... associated with end-stage ... sometimes advanced treatment ... III and class IV symptoms
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
Stage D CHF is frequently ... associated with end-stage ... flare ups that cause ... III and class IV symptoms ... Treatments may include
Hordeolum vs Chalazion

Hordeolum (Stye):
 • Location: Most commonly found at or near an eyelash follicle
 •
eyelash follicle • Cause ... of the lids • Symptoms ... upper lid • Cause ... Diagnosis #Management #Ophthalmology ... Chalazion #Comparison #Table
Hyperviscosity Syndrome - Causes and Treatment

 - Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (most common) / Plasmapheresis 
 - Multiple
Hyperviscosity Syndrome - Causes ... and Treatment ... Phlebotomy - MH/CCF ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Treatment
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... improvement in symptoms ... iron #deficiency #CHF
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... : 33% • Treatment ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... : No • Treatment
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Post-operative state ... decompensation (CHF ... overload) Other Symptoms ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Hypertension Stage ... -> AV nicking Stage ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
based solely on symptoms ... With treatment, ... who never show symptoms ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... Classification #Stages #Classes
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... antibiotics once stable ... shows a small, stable ... Lung Abscess Differential ... Abscess #pulmonary #differential