69 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
/low Proteinuria ... Red blood cell casts ... Serum albumin - Low ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Marcus Gunn Phenomenon - Jaw Winking Syndrome

Jaw-winking syndrome is thought to be caused by abnormal innervation
- Jaw Winking Syndrome ... thought to be caused ... by abnormal innervation ... #clinical #video ... #neurology #physicalexam
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... Ill Palsy - abnormal ... dissociation • Other causes ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Al, Normal R - ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... insufficiency - Critical ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table ... #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... investigations depending on clinical ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... consumption • Low ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #low
Causes of Secondary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Absence of menses for more than 3 cycles or
Causes of Secondary ... - Differential Diagnosis ... FSH, Low estrogen ... Hypothalamic-Pituitary Stalk ... #Algorithm #Causes
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
caused by a massive ... Depends on the cause ... characterized by low ... infarction. end-stage ... #criticalcare #diagnosis