14 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Stage D CHF is frequently ... sometimes advanced treatment ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... HeartFailure #Staging #Classification ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
Stage D CHF is frequently ... flare ups that cause ... III and class IV symptoms ... Staging #Stages #ACCAHA ... #Algorithm
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
With treatment, ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #CHF #Congestive ... #Stages #Classes ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... improvement in symptoms ... iron #deficiency #CHF
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Post-operative state ... decompensation (CHF ... overload) Other Symptoms ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hodgkin ... pattern of spread, B symptoms ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
psychosis - CHF ... ↑ AST/ALT • Treatment ... proptosis), unblinking stare ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... endocrinology #signs #symptoms
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... with AEDs until cause
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... bulbar muscles DIAGNOSIS ... than one after symptom ... the underlying pathophysiology ... and cauda equina TREATMENT