12 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... kaliuresis step 1 = volume ... to diuretic #hyperkalemia ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine ... poor response to volume ... or low Uosm), Hypothyroidism ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... acid <4 • SIADH, Hypothyroidism ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Assess volume status ... • extra-renal volume ... • SIADH • hypothyroidism ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give volume ... CKD, Thiazides, Hypothyroidism ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Glucocorticoid deficiency, Hypothyroidism ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Potomania - Low solute ... • Euvolemic - Hypothyroidism ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Medications (diuretics), Hypothyroidism ... polydipsia, Low solute ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... diagnosis #sodium #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Metabolic Causes: • Hyperthyroidism ... • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... arterial blood volume ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology