17 results
Causes of Orthopnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Fear and Anxiety
 • Pleural Effusion
 • Ascites
Causes of Orthopnea ... - Differential ... • Ascites • COPD ... #Orthopnea #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
and Differential ... Disease - Especially COPD ... Hematopoiesis Hyperthyroidism ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... nephrocalcinosis • CPPD ... Wilson's disease • hypothyroidism ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Hyperthyroidism ... Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism ... Size Thyroid Storm ... #causes #diagnosis ... #differential #
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Dyspnea - Differential ... • Asthma • COPD ... Deconditioning • Hyperthyroidism ... #Dyspnea #SOB #Differential
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Disease (Asthma, COPD ... * • Coma • Hypothyroidism ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
Tachypnea - Differential ... • Asthma • COPD ... PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... Tachypnea: • Hyperthyroidism ... Tachypnea #Hyperpnea #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Addison's disease, Hyperthyroidism ... Milk (calcium)-alkali ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #differential #
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... e.g. pneumonia, COPD ... Endocrinopathies - Hypothyroidism ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... vitamin A intake • Hyperthyroidism ... Dietary • Milk-alkali ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... endocrinology #diagnosis #differential